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Lemma

TMUA practice: Trig Equations, problem 4

A TMUA-calibre trig equations problem at difficulty 4 of 5, with the full worked solution.

The question
How many angles θ\theta with 0θ2π0\le\theta\le2\pi satisfy log(sin(3θ))+log(cos(2θ))=0\log(\sin(3\theta))+\log(\cos(2\theta))=0 ?
A 00
B 11
C 22
D 33
E 44

The correct answer is highlighted. A

Worked solution

Note that this is equivalent to sin(3θ)cos(2θ)=1\sin(3\theta)\cos(2\theta)=1 , which is clearly only possible when sin(3θ)=cos(2θ)=±1\sin(3\theta)=\cos(2\theta)=\pm1 . (If either one is between 11 and 1-1 , the other one must be greater than 11 or less than 1-1 to offset the product, which is impossible for sine and cosine.) They cannot be both 1-1 since we cannot take logarithms of negative numbers, so they are both +1+1 . Then 3θ3\theta is π2\dfrac\pi2 more than a multiple of 2π2\pi and 2θ2\theta is a multiple of 2π2\pi , so θ\theta is π6\dfrac\pi6 more than a multiple of 23π\dfrac23\pi and also a multiple of π\pi . However, a multiple of 23π\dfrac23\pi will always have a denominator of 11 or 33 , and never 66 ; it can thus never add with π6\dfrac\pi6 to form an integral multiple of π\pi . Thus, there are (A) 0\boxed{\textbf{(A) }0} solutions.