Skip to main content
Lemma

TMUA practice: Arithmetic Series, problem 5

A TMUA-calibre arithmetic series problem at difficulty 4 of 5, with the full worked solution.

The question
The sum of the first nn terms of an arithmetic progression, whose first term is an integer (not necessarily positive) and whose common difference is 22, is known to be 153153. If n>1n>1, the number of possible values of nn is
A 22
B 33
C 44
D 55

The correct answer is highlighted. D

Worked solution

Let the first term be the integer aa. With common difference 22, the sum of the first nn terms is

Sn=n2[2a+(n1)2]=n(a+n1).S_{n}=\frac{n}{2}\bigl[2a+(n-1)\cdot2\bigr]=n\,(a+n-1).

Setting Sn=153S_{n}=153 gives n(a+n1)=153n\,(a+n-1)=153.

Which nn are possible? Since a+n1a+n-1 must be an integer, nn must be a divisor of 153153. Conversely, for any divisor nn the value a=153nn+1a=\dfrac{153}{n}-n+1 is an integer, and aa is allowed to be any integer (positive, negative or zero). So every divisor n>1n>1 works.

Count the divisors. 153=3217153=3^{2}\cdot17, whose divisors are 1,3,9,17,51,1531,3,9,17,51,153. Those with n>1n>1 are 3,9,17,51,1533,9,17,51,153 — five values.

Answer: D.